Waleed Allohaibi Essays - Protestantism, Christianity,

Waleed Allohaibi German Church of Missouri 10 May 2017 German Church in Missouri As indicated by numerous individuals church is just a structure reserved for the love of Allah. Scriptural comprehension of chapel is entirely different. It's gotten from the Greek work ekklesia that implies get together or assortment of various things. We can't state here we get together for revere just it builds collaboration among the network and advance the government assistance. At the point when we investigate inside and out we locate the profound significance of chapel is individuals not the structure. As per various devotees it is their home not a basic structure about the love of God. The quantity of occupants in Germany in 1933 was around 60 million. All Germans were Christian, having a spot either with the Roman Catholic (ca. 20 million people) or the Protestant (ca. 40 million people) spots of love. The Jewish social order in Germany in 1933 was under 1% of the total people of the country. Henceforth they all go in various holy places and there are a wide range of accepts about each. History of each congregation is wrapped by many intriguing occasion. In the region of 1830 and 1845, around 40,000 people left Germany consistently for America where they joined the westward turn of events. In 1840 the participation of pastors and people was sifted through. In 1849, the chief church, St. Paul's in St. Louis, joined the quiet assembling, the Kirchenverein . In 1847, the Kirchenverein conveyed its own Evangelical Catechism, shortened in 1862 by Andreas. The objective was not to compel Christian still, little voice at reasons for contrast, anyway to offer pictures to the declaration of God, behind which was reality of God's recovering affection through Jesus Christ. By 1857, an Agenda (Worship Order) was grasped and in 1862, an Evangelical Hymnal. Among the German laborers there were free-theory realists, who put their desire in science, preparing, and culture. A powerful part of them Deists, they clung to their freedom from the assemblage and, feeling enlightened, rather joined lodgings, clubs, and singing social requests. Many were mocking of clergymen and places of love, contributing pointlessly to hardship on the wild. They were unaffected by the inconsistent evangelist who went to their edges gatherings. Regardless, when their own specific adolescents indicated absence of training and irreligion, many were satisfactorily disturbed to loosen up cheerfulness to a particularly arranged priest of veritable certainty, who often expected to serve a couple of gatherings immediately. Along these lines German individuals began their love in their blessed places of worship shaped in different states that incorporate Missouri, California and numerous others. They began to pick up instruction of their religion and began to lecture about their strict trusts in the whole way across the world. Asia and Africa was their principle target. The Lutheran Church that is otherwise called Missouri Synod was in German make up not long before the World War I. This assembly was broadened and increases a large number of supporters in late nineteenth century and in beginning of twenty century. There are 2.4 million devotees of this congregation. This isn't just church however a center point of learning as it claims around ten colleges and universities. LCMS accentuates extraordinarily on the regulations of Bible. Its stunning certainty is that it works more than one hundred schools and has the biggest school chains in US and Canada. LCMS is attempting to spread the adoration for Christ in the whole way across the world that is evolving ceaselessly. As indicated by the administrator of LCMS in Missouri their principle strategic to spread the affection for Christ in places of worship, instructive establishments and in all over the globe.

ACT Score Comparison for SUNY Campuses

ACT Score Comparison for SUNY Campuses On the off chance that youre thinking about whether you have the ACT scores youll need to get into one of the four-year SUNY schools and colleges, heres a one next to the other examination of scores for the center half of enlisted understudies. In the event that your scores fall inside or over these reaches, youre on track for admission to one of these state funded colleges in New York State. SUNY ACT Score Comparison (mid half) School Composite25% Composite75% English25% English75% Math25% Math75% Albany 22 27 - - - - Alfred State 19 25 18 24 19 26 Binghamton 28 32 - - - - Brockport 20 25 18 24 18 25 Bison 24 30 - - - - Bison State - - - - - - Cobleskill - - - - - - Cortland 22 25 20 24 20 25 Env. Science/Forestry 23 29 22 27 22 29 Farmingdale 20 24 - - - - Style Institute - - - - - - Fredonia 21 27 - - - - Geneseo 24 28 - - - - Sea College 22 27 - - - - Morrisville 16 20 - - - - New Paltz 24 29 22 27 23 30 Old Westbury - - - - - - Oneonta 21 26 20 25 19 25 Oswego 21 26 - - - - Plattsburgh 21 25 19 25 20 24 Polytechnic 20 28 23 30 25 30 Potsdam - - - - - - Buy 21 28 22 32 19 26 Stony Brook 26 31 24 33 26 31 Remember that the SAT will in general be substantially more well known than the ACT in New York State. All things considered, either test is superbly worthy. Youll be at no inconvenience utilizing the ACT, and you should utilize scores from the test that you like. In the event that your ACT scores are beneath the lower number in the table over, all expectation isn't lost. 25% of candidates who go to the SUNY school likewise had numbers in the base 25th percentile. Being conceded will be all the more testing with an inferior score, yet it isn't outlandish. Likewise note that the confirmations principles differ impressively starting with one grounds then onto the next. Binghamton University, for instance, is exceptionally particular and almost completely conceded understudies have the two evaluations and state administered test scores that are well better than expected. Binghamton is one of the top schools in New York State. Different grounds, for example, Morrisville and Cobleskill are far less particular. Your Academic Record Matters More than the ACT Understand that ACT scores are only one piece of the application. The most significant piece of your SUNY application will be your scholarly record. Be certain you have satisfactory coursework in key scholarly zones, for example, an unknown dialect and math. Its additionally essential to show that you have tested yourself, so Advanced Placement (AP) classes, IB classes, Honors classes, and double enlistment classes are extremely significant for assisting with exhibiting your school preparedness.â All encompassing Admissions The SUNY confirmations people will likewise be taking a gander at non-numeric measures, for the four-year schools and colleges in the SUNY arrange all have comprehensive affirmations. A solid article and significant extracurricular activitiesâ can assume a significant job in the affirmations procedure. At some grounds, uncommon abilities in zones, for example, sports or music can likewise help compensate for state sanctioned grades that are not exactly perfect. Information Source: National Center for Education Statistics

Cellular neurobiology

Cellular neurobiology This morning I went in early to image neurons on the confocal microscope again, and I was going to take pictures of the lab and our equipment for you guys I wanted to take them when I was in early, so I wouldnt have to explain to all the postdocs what a blog is but I forgot the camera. Hey, Im not a morning person, and I cant remember to do everything when I leave my nice dark cozy apartment at 6:45 AM. At least I did remember to leave Adam a shopping list, so he could go to the store on his lunch hour and get me ingredients for cookies and pie! So I guess instead, Ill talk about what my lab studies generally, and hope you dont notice that there arent any shiny jpegs to go along with my talk. Ive been working in Morgans lab for the last three years, which makes me one of the more senior lab members. Morgans lab is primarily concerned with studying the proteins which make up neuronal structures called dendritic spines. As someone may or may not have ever told you (I know they didnt teach me anything about neurobiology in my high school bio class but maybe things have gotten better over the last five years), neurons talk to one another via chemical signals. One neuron gets excited, and sends an electrical signal to its end which causes little packets of neurotransmitter to be released. The packets of neurotransmitter travel across the synaptic cleft and bind to receptors on the outside of the postsynaptic neuron. Different neurotransmitters bind to different receptors, so at this point everything gets really complicated. But something thats relatively universal is that the receptors are anchored to other proteins, which form a scaffold for the receptors and their associated factors. These scaffolds are located in the spines, and form a line visible on an electron microscope. This is called the postsynaptic density, or PSD. The spines are the hotspots of activity in the postsynaptic neuron; there arent many/any receptors or scaffolds outside spines. Ohmigod, I did not make this figure in Paint. How rude of you to suggest that I did. This is from a paper of Morgans from 2004. As you can see, lots of proteins in spines are binding to each other, and some proteins act as master scaffolds binding many different types of proteins together. These master scaffolds seem to act as liasons to the actin cytoskeleton. This is important, because reshaping of the spines via the cytoskeleton can be shown to have effects on memory-like states. Relatedly, patients with fragile X (a prominent symptom of which is mental retardation) can be shown to have long, skinny spines; most spines in adult neurons are relatively short and have mushroom heads. If you look back at my neuron pictures from last week, youll see that the body of the neuron is yellow (red + green = yellow), but there are lots of little green speckly dots all over the dendrites. (Aside: Dendrite comes from the Greek for tree. If you look at a live neuron in 3-D, youll see that the dendrites do look quite a bit like tree branches.) The reason there are speckly dots is that my protein, which is stained in green, localizes very strongly to the spines. There are approximately a majillion proteins in spines, and each person in my lab is studying a different one, pretty much. Some people are studying kinases (proteins which add a phosphate group to other proteins, generally changing the activity of the other proteins in some way), some are studying scaffolds, and some are studying ubiquitin ligases (proteins which add a small molecule tag to other proteins, causing them to be degraded by the cell). So thats what we do! Questions? 1. Arun asked, Mainly, I was wondering how much social responsibility do you think scientists have and whether that is enough many labs seem to focus on issues which are interesting to scientists but will have no effect whatsoever to the outside world. I have mixed feelings about this personally. As I look through labs in which I could do my thesis, Im drawn to labs studying medically applicable problems blame Professor James and 21A.216 (Dilemmas in Biomedical Ethics), but I would love to do something to help cure diseases, particularly the really devastating stuff like tuberculosis and AIDS. But my personal interests arent necessarily in those areas, and Im certainly no microbiologist. Im reassuring myself for the moment that even areas that dont seem to be relevant to disease can be just a few fortuitous discoveries away from a new therapy. As long as its related to the workings of biological organisms, it is potentially medically applicable. You just have to think a little harder. ;) 2. Nathan asked, Im really interested in neurons, and I was wondering if youve heard of the theory that neuron density is associated with intelligence or comprehension. Is it true that the activity of a neuron is proportional to the length of its dendritic tree? I would say that more accurately, neurons more densely packed with spines will tend to be more active. In a hand-waving way, spine density and spine number are related to intelligence (see again the fragile X example above), but with the strong disclaimer that most studies of this sort are looking at changes in the electrical properties of one type of neuron my lab uses rat hippocampal neurons in a dish in culture, while there are many different types of neurons in your head cross-talking in ways we cant even begin to comprehend right now. Understanding intelligence in a cellular way is far away. 3. Ashley asked, I was wondering, after you get your bachelors degree, are you required to get you masters and then your PhD, or can you start working on your PhD right after getting you bachelors? It depends on your field. In science, you generally go straight from a bachelors program to a PhD program Ill never get a masters degree. In engineering, you generally receive a masters degree before you are eligible to receive a PhD. 4. Anonymous asked, im really interested in being a cheerleader this fall but i dont have any experience :( what should i do to prepare for the tryouts in the fall? First and foremost, DO NOT WORRY. We only call them tryouts so people will understand what were talking about as long as Ive been on the squad, weve never cut anyone who was interested in joining. Tryouts are really more for you to try out the squad and see if you would enjoy being a cheerleader. Historically, about half the people on the squad did not cheer in high school certainly I didnt, and I was even captain of the squad my junior year.

Segregation is Injustice to All - 1415 Words

â€Å"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere† (1). This is part of what Martin Luther King Jr., the president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, wrote on April 16, 1963, as a message for his nonviolence resistance to racism in â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail.† This letter was written about King’s concern and response to the unjust laws of segregation that the clergymen issued while in jail for his nonviolent protest against segregation. However, the underlying objective of this letter was to inform the public about racism and their moral responsibility to break unjust laws. In order to capture the reader’s attention, King uses rhetoric, â€Å"the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing† (Merriam-Webster Online). The main rhetoric technique he uses is the three modes of persuasion: ethos, pathos, and logos, which are also known as Aristotle’s Rhetorical Appeals. By effectively using technique throughout the letter, King is able to appeal to his audiences’ logical, emotional, and spiritual side through the use of American and biblical figures, children, and language choice to create a powerful and moving piece of writing in â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail.† King’s first attempt to capture his audience’s attention is through his ethical appeal as a way to strengthen his authority, credibility, and reliability in the letter. In the first paragraph, King mentions, â€Å"If I sought to answer all of the criticisms that cross my desk, my secretaries would beShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Junior ( Mlk )1503 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Junior (MLK) was a preacher, clergyman, and a powerful speaker who started the end to the black and white segregation in 1960s America. He created many heartfelt and sincere speeches, and his use of literary techniques developed his ideas and political and social concerns. His skills were most evident in such speeches as â€Å"I Have a Dream† (IHD), â€Å"Eulogy for the Martyred Children† (EMC) and his final speech â€Å"I ve Been to the Mountaintop† (IBM). In these speeches MLK expressed hisRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King Jr Speech968 Words   |  4 Pagesprotest the injustice that were occurring. Martin Luther King Jr. was not a violent man, he was dedicated and passionate about the fair treatment of everyone. He was called to Birmingham to help provide a peaceful demonstration. However, he was arrested and put in a Birmingham City Jail because he tried to stand up for his fellow African Americans. While in jail he wrote an essay where he talked about injustice, morals, rights, just laws and unjust laws. He had seen segregation, injustice, and racialRead MoreArgumentative Analysis Of Martin Luther King982 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican of â€Å"injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere,’ that the ‘stinging darts’ of segregation have made it impossible to wait any longer for freedom† (King 136) Dr. King tells the clergymen that he was upset about their criticisms, on how nonviolent resistance to racism were not â€Å"unwise† or â€Å"untimely†. In his letter, King used the ele ments of Aristotle and engages them with the practical reasoning process of the audience to persuade the clergymen to act on the injustice that is happeningRead MoreEthics And Religion : Ethics1045 Words   |  5 Pagesletter King wrote while in Jail, he used both ethics and religious beliefs too stress the importance of his actions against the injustice in Birmingham. King arrived in Birmingham because individuals of the black community were being oppressed by the continued segregation; which was against the law by this time. As King states in his letter, I am in Birmingham because injustice is here. Just as the prophets of the weight century B.C. left their villages and carried their â€Å"thus saith the Lord† far beyondRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail847 Words   |  4 PagesAlabama and addresses their concerns and questions as to why he is even in Birmingham. King Jr. uses facts of non-violent efforts, previous work, and life accomplishments, and strong mental images to show the severe racial injustice in Birmingham. The severe injustice of segregation in Birmingham needs to end abruptly so the races can live among each other peacefully. One way, Martin Luther King Jr. attempts to persuade the clergymen is through explaining his purpose and previous work accomplishmentsRead MoreLetter From Birmingham Jail Rhetorical Analysis1136 Words   |  5 Pageshis desk with disagreements and criticism of his acts of attempting to abolish segregation. To give a better understanding to his audience he correlates his speech with religion, signifying himself to be similar to the Apostle Paul, while speaking up about the injustice being done in Birmingham. Martin Luther King Jr. speaks strongly about being unable to stand back and watch the disputes in Birmingham unravel. â€Å"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. We are caught in an inescapable networkRead MoreMoral Responsibility1256 Words   |  6 Pagespast through harsh laws of segregation. Although many believe disobeying the law is morally wrong and if disobeyed a punishment should follow, Martin Luther King’s profound statement, â€Å"One has the moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws† (King 420) leads to greater justice for all which is also supported by King’s â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† Jefferson’s â€Å" The Declaration of Independence,† and Lincoln’s â€Å"Second Inaugural Address.† I am in Birmingham because injustice is here, wrote Dr. MartinRead MoreGrade 10 English - King vs Orwell Essay1633 Words   |  7 PagesMany Colours, One World , One Approach to Injustice The essays â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† by George Orwell and the Letter From Birmingham Jail† by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. share several similarities, particularly in terms of the authors recognition of injustice in their respective communities. There are striking similarities between their causes despite Orwell being of British descent and part of the caucasian majority while Dr. King was from the United States of America and was part of theRead More A Revolution of Values: The Promise of Multicultural Essay1058 Words   |  5 PagesRevolution of Values: The Promise of Multicultural Change Bell Hooks was born in Hopkinsville, Kentucky in 1952. She was born into the era of segregation and was in high school during the start of civil rights movements. Since Hook’s was a young African American that attended one of the first integrated high schools, she experienced racism and segregation first hand. Her writing explains how it was to live during these times and also exhibits how her experiences effected her emotionally. Hook’s essayRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Jr s Speech970 Words   |  4 PagesBirmingham Jail was written from jail after he was shortly arrested for attempting to share his views with clergymen on this racial injustice. Dr. King delivered his I Have a Dream Speech at a crucial Civil Rights rally across from the Washington Memorial. Both times he was trying to send the same message to the American people: Black Americans will no longer allow social injustices. In both works he employs figurative language and appeals. Accordingly, in Letters from Birmingham Jail, Dr. King addresses

The Rhetorical Analysis Of A Heros Journey - 1207 Words

A Hero’s Journey Jesyka Long Rose State College Abstract In society today, consumerism is a major component in the lives of not only Americans, but around the world. People are constantly looking for the next best thing to replace the things they already have. The purpose of this essay is to break down consumerism by using rhetorical analysis on the commercial for Kia’s new crosstrek, the Niro. This commercial relies heavily on the appeal to humor by having unrealistic, comedic actions. Along with humor, it establishes credibility by having a well-known comedic actress, Melissa McCarthy, as the star. The advertisement also plays on a person’s wanting to be a hero by having the commercial title be â€Å"Hero’s Journey.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦The Kia Niro has high quality steel to reinforce the structure of the car, as well as an â€Å"advanced air-bag system† (K., n.d.). This advertisement also uses major topics in today’s society to draw people in. In the first section of the commercial, it uses whale extinction and McCarthy trying to save them. Secondly, it uses deforestation and the efforts to save the trees as another environmental draw-in. In the third slot, it focuses on global warming and the melting ice caps. And lastly, the commercial uses the extinction of rhinos (K. 2017.). This establishes Ethos by showing that the company is aware of the problems in the world today. These environmental issues have been a problem for several years, and there are many people that are concerned for them. By using them to pull people in, they are opening their audience to not only people who like the outdoors, but also to people who want to be heroes. Pathos The comedy that is throughout the Kia Niro’s advertisement is an appeal to pathos. Laughter is said to be medicine for the soul, and the commercial uses this well to their advantage. Kia uses Melissa McCarthy attempting to save the whales. Then she is trying to stop the deforestation. She is then seen protecting the ice caps. And as the finale, she is protecting the rhinos (K. 2017.). While all the issues are quite serious, laced with a comedic element allows them to be more manageable to the averageShow MoreRelatedRhethorical Analysis Movie Shrek1709 Words   |  7 PagesSalma Segebre Ms. Krivel AP Language October 5, 2012 Shrek Rhetorical Analysis Essay People have always watched fairytales at a very young age, growing up to believe in them. Some watched them to obtain some kind illusion, for pure entertainment, and others for the sake of love. However, not every fairytale has a purpose of giving us an illusion, of entertaining us, or making us believe in love. Shrek is not a typical fairytale. Even though many people see Shrek alongRead MoreSacrifice And Saving Private Ryan4254 Words   |  18 PagesSacrifice and Saving Private Ryan Spencer Beck Communication 301 May 8th, 2015 Introduction Significance and Rhetorical Problem Saving Private Ryan has been a huge commercial success since its release in 1998. According to Boxofficemojo.com, Saving Private Ryan’s worldwide gross is $481,840,909 with over half that just from the domestic US market alone. Not only was this film a financial success, it is also critically acclaimed. The film has won 79 awards; five of those

Much Ado About Nothing Notes Free Essays

Much Ado About Nothing—Romantic Comedy * Much Ado about Nothing * Love and War; Love as War—starts with soldiers coming back from war and wanting love; love becomes a battlefield * Young Lovers: Claudio and Hero * â€Å"Not(h)ing† Messina: Confusions of Appearance and Reality * Love and War; Love as War * 1. 1: World waiting for the return of youth and love * Learn of soldiers even before they enter scene: * Youthful Claudio, ll. 12-16 Benedick (older man) introduced by Beatrice, ll. We will write a custom essay sample on Much Ado About Nothing Notes or any similar topic only for you Order Now 28-9—he is being introduced by mockery; Beatrice makes the joke and marks her different from the other women in the play—she is loud, jokes about men, able to fight with words, witty, and Benedick is the same way * Beatrice and Benedick’s â€Å"merry war,† ll. 56-9 * Martial world replaced by â€Å"merry† one * What happens when skills necessary for success on the field of battle enter domestic world? * Romantic Couples * Potential Lovers: Claudio and Hero (make up the main plot, but some of the least interesting characters in the play—relatively quiet) * Beatrice and Benedick (subplot—more mature, more worldly, and they are much more talkative/interesting) * Claudio and Hero: * Claudio’s first line in play introduces interest in Hero, l. l. 154-70; â€Å"Note†: * To take notice of; to consider or study carefully; to pay attention to; to mark (OED 5. a) * To become aware of; to notice or perceive mentally; to be struck b y (OED 5. b) * Claudio and Hero * Nature of Claudio’s love? ll. 278-289 Contrast between affections prior to and post military action * Hesitancy to use the word â€Å"love† * Don Pedro’s plan (ll. 300-312): * Disguise (Pedro says he will disguise as Claudio for the ball and approach Hero) * seduction as military action * World of the Play: Messina * Place of propriety and hospitality: * Disguise, deceit runs rampant through play * Inability to distinguish between appearance and reality predominant feature of life in the world of play 1) â€Å"Not(h)ing† Messina: Confusion of Appearance and Reality 2) Educating Young Lovers: From Appearances to Faith ) Merry Warriors: Beatrice and Benedick * World of the Play: Messina * Gossip—Overhearing, mishearing, and eavesdropping—central to play * â€Å"Nothing† and â€Å"noting†: to take notice of; to consider or study carefully; to pay attention; to mark (OED 5. a) * Pedro’s plan to woo for Claudio sets off chain reaction of misapprehensions: * 1. 2: Antonio tells Leonato that Pedro plans to woo Hero for himself (when in reality, Claudio is trying to woo her) * 1. 3: Borachio overhears Pedro and Claudio discussing plan, tells Don John the Bastard (Don John gets the story right! * 2. 1: Wooing by proxy * Masquerade/Disguise (dance to welcome back the soldiers) * Deceiving Claudio: Don John and Borachio, ll. 155-63 (they pretend he is Benedick) * Claudio’s soliloquy ll. 164-74 * Does not question what he has been told: â€Å"Tis certain so. † (The prince woos for himself) * Love as impediment to friendship * â€Å"Eye as lover (synecdoche: â€Å"A figure by which a more comprehensive term is used for a less comprehensive or vice versa; as whole for part or part for whole, genus for species or species for genus, etc. (OED)) * Goes simply by what he sees Valediction (or rejection) to Hero * Leonato (Hero’s father) gives Claudio Heroâ€⠄¢s hand, ll. 285-299 * Couple silent, must be prompted to speak * Beatrice cues them to speak * Hero is silent: sense of youthful embarrassment or confusion * they are overwhelmed and ignorant * Educating Young Lovers: From Appearances to Faith * â€Å"False† Hero, Take Two: Don John’s spectacle of infidelity * Claudio’s problem with trust, 3. 2. 111-3 * Shame Hero publicly: In plain view of all * 4. 1: Broken Marriage Ceremony * Claudio returns bride to father ll. 29-41: The blush: sign of innocence or experience? * Innocence: â€Å"How could you say these things? † * Experience: â€Å"Busted! † * â€Å"[E]xterior shows† of virtue (39) * He takes it as guilt, not as innocence * He is completely wrong. She is innocent. * Claudio’s second valediction to Hero, ll. 99-107 * speaks to his youthfulness that he is so easily swayed by only outward appearances * Re-educating Claudio * 5. 1: Realization of mis-noting (He is wrong. Learns of D on John’s lies) * 5. 3: Mourning ceremony (spends night at tomb of Hero) * Agrees to marry Hero’s cousin without seeing or knowing her. Claudio publicly retracts slander ll. 3-10 * In death, shame transformed into fame (Hero has become a hero through death) * Night gives way to dawn (shifts from grieving to hope; cover of darkness or confusion to a wrapping up of the play) * 5. 4: Hero’s â€Å"Resurrection† * Scene re-works and reverses 2. 1 (masked ball): women’s identities concealed by masks * Ceremony corrects Claudio’s initial error, in which he identified and valued Hero by outward signs * Merry Warriors: Beatrice and Benedick * Beatrice: â€Å"I pray you, is Signor Montanto returned from the wars of no? (1. 1. 28-9) * Opening exchange between host and guests takes bawdy turn, ll. 90-106 * Joking suggests male suspicion of female sexual inconstancy * Doubting Women’s Constancy * â€Å"A woman’s gentle heart, but no acqua inted / With shifting change, as is false women’s fashion† (Sonnet 20, 3-4) * Cuckold, ry: â€Å"A derisive name for the husband of an unfaithful wife† (OED 1) * Idea that deceived husband would grow horns which would reveal him to his community as a dupe of his wife and her lover * Fear of Being Cuckolded Horns (bovine rather than antlers) associated with visibility: make things seen * Cuckold is emasculated, not merely by having his place taken by another, but in being rendered vulnerable to representation * Husband becomes spectacle of ignorance to all around him * Verbal Energy of Warring Words * Public protestations against love: * Benedick vows to live as bachelor 1. 1. 227-256 * Beatrice against falling in love 2. 1. 5-17, 40-60 * Shared sentiments (and wit) mark Beatrice and Benedick as suited for one another * Gender and Speech Claudio on match with Hero 1. 1. 278-80 * Marriage as alliance * Economic concerns bind women * Parental (patriarchal—see ms like there are only dads in Shakespeare’s plays) desires seem to govern women’s speech * Gulling the Reluctant Lovers * to pass the time prior to the wedding of Hero and Claudio, Don Pedro Proposes another theatrical interlude (trick) 2. 1. 342-366 * Tricking couple involves making them a spectacle, a form of comedic entertainment without their awareness * Matching Beatrice and Benedick involves form of structural cuckolding * 2. : Men â€Å"Hunt† Benedick * Tricksters pretend to speak truth, while Benedick â€Å"notes† their conversation (so he can listen in on their conversation) * Men describe Beatrice’s suffering from unrequited love, ll. 87-119 * to gull: to make a gull of ; to dupe, cheat, befool, â€Å"take in:, deceive (v. 3, def. 1) * Leonato’s authority and Hero’s virtue convince Benedick of â€Å"truth† * Benedick transformed, ll. 210-33 * Enumeration of Beatrice’s virtues contrasts Claudio’s intere st in appearance * Converted into lover: â€Å"for I will be horribly in love with her† (l. 23) * 3. 1: Women Snare Beatrice * Actresses follow Don Pedro’s script (? —are they actually following the script) * Silent Hero? ll. 34-36, 47-56, 60-70, 72-80 * Focus on Beatrice’s faults rather than Benedick’s virtues * Beatrice to temper her voice to Benedick’s wishes, ll. 107017) * New Alliances: Repudiation scene (4. 1) * All doubt Hero but witty lovers (Beatrice and Benedick) * Beatrice tests Benedick’s love, ll. 262-289 * â€Å"Kill Claudio† (288) How to cite Much Ado About Nothing Notes, Essay examples

Jackie Robinson Breaking the Racial Barriers free essay sample

According to the ales of the Hall of Fame, a player must be retired for five years before he can be considered for induction. Both Feller and Robinson were elected in the first year they were eligible (141 As Robinson received his plaque to take his place among the greats in the Hall of Fame, he said, Ive been riding on cloud number nine since the election, and dont think Ill ever come down. Today everything is complete (Robinson 142). After the induction ceremony, an exhibition game between the Milwaukee Braves and the New York Yankees was to take place at Doubleday Field, where the sport had its beginnings.Sudden thunderstorm allayed the game, and after an hours wait it was cancelled. At this same time, picketers in the streets of Harlem were carrying signs saying, Jackie, we love you as a ballplayer, but not as a spokesman for the Negro race (143). We will write a custom essay sample on Jackie Robinson: Breaking the Racial Barriers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Just two days earlier at a banquet in the Waldron Astoria Hotel in New York City, many people had paid $25 a plate to show their admiration for Jackie as both a ballplayer and a representative of the Negro race as well. Some of the most distinguished figures in the nation were present this day and their praise was loud and long (Mann 187).Jackie had accepted without hesitation challenge to break a prevailing color barrier in the national sport of America with complete knowledge of how much depended on him. Few men had ever faced such competitive odds when becoming a player in organized baseball. Despite criticism and opposition, Jack Roosevelt Robinson had truly come a long way from his poor beginnings as the grandson of slaves in Cairo, Georgia, to breaking the racial barriers in major league baseball by becoming its first black athlete and achieving hall of fame status. Jackie Robinsons childhood was a struggle in family and financial matters.He was born on January 31, 1919, on a peonage that was one step away from the slavery into which his grandparents had been born (Mann 53). Only six months after Jackie was born his father deserted the family. This led to several hardships. The family lived on a sharecroppers farm until the plantation owner used the fathers leave as an excuse to keep the whole crop the family had raised and to evict the widow and her children (54). Jackasss mother gathered her young ones about her with bitter feelings and found work as a domestic servant. About a year later, Robinsons uncle came to visit.He had served in the first World War. Afterward he had settled in California. When he returned to visit his family in Georgia, they scarcely recognized him, because he was dressed so finely (Mann 57). Once he learned of their troubles, he was immediately convinced that his sister and her children would do better in California. Within a few days, she boarded a train with her five little ones. They arrived in Pasadena toward the end of May, 1 920, and moved into tight quarters with her sister and brother-in-law, brother, a nephew and her husbands cousin (Robinson 79).Though they lacked hot water and a kitchen sink, Pasadena mimed glorious with its blue hills on the horizon and its wonderful air. Mrs.. Robinson accepted a job doing housework while the Welfare Department provided clothing for the children (80). Mrs.. Robinson soon found employment at which she could earn enough money to consider a more ample living space. They found a house on Pepper Street, however, the neighborhood did not welcome these Georgia Negroes (Robinson 82). Criticism from neighbors became a part of Jackasss life as a toddler.By the time he was eight years old, he was doing what came naturally: standing his ground and answering back when the occasion demanded. As the Robinson boys became old enough to work, they sought ways to help solve the familys financial problems. Frank and Mack found a number of strange jobs, such as shining shoes and selling hot dogs (Bonnets 60). Jackasss first regular employment was carrying the Los Angels Times and the Los Angels Examiner on a regular Sunday morning delivery route. Later, he worked on Saturdays helping his uncle tend lawns and shrubbery( 61 By that time, Jackie Robinson was ready for high school, and at Mir Tech it did not take him long to find expression in athletics for the rare coordination and the eighty controlled competitive instinct with which he had been born. Some found him too aggressive and cocky, yet his coaches were delighted with his abilities. With Jackie on the teams, Mir Tech became a high school terror in Southern California football, basketball, baseball and track. Every team they faced came into the game under orders to stop Robinson (Young 123).Strange as it may seem in retrospect, the major colleges failed to get steamed up over Jackie Robinsons prospects at this point. When he received no offer of a full scholarship, he decided to enter Pasadena Junior College (Young 123). Only his oldest brother, Frank, was upset by this, however. Frank had become almost like a father to his youngest brother. He was convinced that nothing but rank injustice was behind this apparent snub. But well show C]me, he vowed. You just wait till next fall (123). In the practice sessions that fall, however, Jackie was too anxious to completely fulfill Franks prediction.Trying to play on a slippery field, he caught his foot in a hole, and at that instant two tacklers hit him. Later, the trainer found that he had broken his ankle, so he was sitting on the bench when the season began (Robinson 9). He played quarterback during the last six games that year, however, and the record for these contests was five wins for Pasadena and one scoreless tie. The college scouts who had passed him up in high school were now convinced (10). In basketball, baseball, and track, he made their miscalculation even more emphatic.He got headlines as he starred in each, and in a track meet at Pomona College he seta new world record for the broad jump by a junior college athlete (Robinson 10). After Pasadena Junior College had won the baseball championship that year, Jackie was named the most valuable junior college player in Southern California. He had batted . 417 and stolen twenty-five bases in twenty-four games (Smith 73). Jimmy Dykes, manager of the Chicago White Sox at the time, was quoted in a newspaper as saying, That boy could play major league baseball at a moments notice (Bonnets 63).Through the football season of his second year at Pasadena J, Jackie Robinson became a legend in Southern California. People who spoke about UCLA or USC had to be careful or they would find themselves interrupted by someone who would insist that the only football player worth mentioning was that colored boy out at Pasadena (Young 127). San Francisco sportswriters were skeptical of all this Jackie Robinson buildup when the Pasadena team came into Ezra Stadium on November 1 1 to play San Francisco Junior College. Nevertheless, his seventy-five-yard touchdown run the first time he carried the ball convinced them (128).He left the field three quarters later to an astonishing ovation. After Pasadena, of course, he had a wide choice of senior colleges. One of the main reasons he chose UCLA was his brother, Frank. The idea of Jackasss playing at a college so far away from home that Frank could not attend the games was unthinkable for either f them. Sadly, Frank never saw Jackie play at UCLA. He died in a motorcycle accident in May of 1939 (Robinson 10). As a result, Jackie brilliant years as a Bruin star were tinged with inner grief.At Calcified became the first athlete to letter in four sports in one year. He participated in basketball, baseball, football, and track, and received honorable mention in football and basketball (Robinson 10). When Jackie decided in the spring of 1941 to drop out of college before graduating, the Los Angels sportswriters and editors showered him with praise. George T. Davis, of the Herald Express, declared, Its my honest opinion that Jackie Robinson will go down in history as the greatest all-around athlete in Pacific Coast history (Bonnets 65).Drafted into the Army, Jackie applied for Officer Candidate School. At Fort Riley in Oklahoma, where he was stationed, Negroes had not thus far been accepted for SOC, and Jackie confronted for the first time as an adult the problem of racial discrimination. His reaction was automatic. He resented it. He sent complaints to the Secretary of Defense, who immediately flew out to Riley to check them. Within a few days, Jackie Robinson and several other Negroes ere in SOC (Robinson 13). Robinson received his commission and served as a morale officer.After his discharge, Jackie was offered three hundred dollars a month to play baseball for the Kansas City Monarchs, a Negro team. He would not leave for that amount but then was offered four hundred dollars instead. In April of 1945, he joined the Monarchs in training camp at Houston (Smith 77). A few days later, though, he received a call from Wendell Smith, sports editor for The Pittsburgh Courier, a Negro weekly, saying that the Boston Red Sox of the American League had agreed to give tryouts to a few Negroes. Jackie hesitated, doubting the sincerity of the offer, but he let himself be talked into taking the trip (78).To Jackie Robinson, Sam Ejector, and Marvin Williams, the players who attended this so-called tryout, the whole experience became something of a hoax. Nothing came of it and so far as they could see, nothing was ever intended to come of it. Actually, it was not wholly without significance. Writers such as Deed Sullivan, Damon Run-on, and others who were not well known were discrediting baseball bosses (Smith 78). The recent war against Hitler had changed the racial attitudes of many Americans. Joe Louses appealing image had had an effect. How could baseball continue as the American pastime while practicing a policy of Jim Crow that contradicted the principles of democracy? Discussions like this and tryouts like the one in Boston continued. While this went on, at least one man Was giving serious thought to a means of overcoming the difficulties and bringing about a change. He was Branch Rickety, owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers. He had gone to school with Negroes in Ohio in his boyhood, and he had coached Negro college students at Ohio Wesleyan. His own thoughts on the subject were clear.The apparently farcical Red Sox tryout had not escaped his notice. He made a mental note of one name: Jackie Robinson. Eventually he added other names to his little private list, such as Don Newcomer and Roy Campanile, but he was not ready to disclose his plans (Dodgers #42). He went ahead quietly checking out prospects and assuring himself of the complete support of the Dodgers directors and stockholders. His number one aim, of course, was to strengthen the Dodger ball club. His number two aim was to help end the racial discrimination. Success in each would depend to a large extent on the player himself.His ability as a player had to be beyond question. He would have to make the grade in everybodys book. Important as this was, however, his poise and his coolness under tension, was even more vital (Soul Game). He would have to be a real man out on the field. He could not afford to give ground. Neither could he afford at any time to let his feelings boil over. When the brush-back came at the plate, when spikes were in the air at second or third, when insults came from the stands, and whenever tension arouse, he would have to be in control of himself.When Rickety indicated that he had settled on Robinson as his inner, questions arouse. There were those who knew of Jackasss habit of arguing and standing his ground, and they favored a more submissive type of player. Jackie, himself, was skeptical of the decision. Mr.. Rickety, he asked, are you looking for a Negro who is afraid to fight back? Robinson, Rickety said, l am looking for a ballplayer with guts enough not to fight back. Theyll taunt and goad you. Theyll do anything to make you react. Theyll try to provoke a race riot in the ball park. This is the way to prove to the public that a Negro should not be allowed in the major league. This is the way to frighten the fans and make them afraid to attend the games (TIME 104). Could Jackie Robinson succeed under such pressure? Could any athlete do it? Jackie Robinson was asked to make good with teammates, coaches and a manager who had been raised with attitudes of prejudice (Dodgers #42). He was called on to win the respect of fans who could not be expected to be more emancipated than these. Then there was the vast public at home that followed baseball results in newspapers and on the air.The opposing teams, the enemies on the field of play, who should have been the sole concern of he aspiring athlete, were actually the least of Jackasss worries. Each time Robinson planted his spikes in the soft dirt of the batters box, he felt the full weight of a collective dream: someday, in a different America, children of color would find the path to stardom uncluttered by racial obstac les, and his lonely struggle would hasten the day when black athletes could be athletes first, symbols second (Christian Science Monitor 1 There were 25,000 people on hand to see Jackie when he appeared for the first time in organized baseball. It happened in Jersey City on the eighteenth of April, 1946 (Young 154). Every spectator in the stands was there to see the debut of the Montreal second baseman. When he went to bat the first time, he grounded out to the infield. In his second time at bat he drove in three Montreal runs as he lined a 335-foot home run over the left-field wall with two men on base (154). That was just the beginning. In three more times at bat that day, Jackie beat out two bunts and put a single into right field for a total of four hits in five attempts (155).Robinson went on to win the International League batting championship with an average of . 349 and to lead the league in fielding with a 985 average. He stole forty bases that season (159). His season with the Royals was epitomized in the Little World Series of 1 946, when his team met the Louisville Colonels for the minor league championship. The games played in Louisville were tense, and the fact that the local club owners had put a quota on the number of Negro fans who could attend had intensified rather than reduced the tension (Robinson 42).Jackie emerged as the hero in the final and decisive game. Joy overflowed in Montreal, and Robinson had to be protected from his admirers. According to sportswriter Sam Martin, It was rabble the only day in history that a black man ran from a white mob with love instead of lynching on its mind (43). Jackie came up to the Dodgers of the National League the following year as a first baseman. He was severely heckled by all of the opposing teams, but mostly by the Philadelphia Phillips (Dodgers #42).Torrents of abuse poured from their dugout with childish remarks and gestures that coincided with the threats that had been made. Some Of the players sat in the dugout and pointed bats at him while making machine-kinglike noises. It was an incredibly childish display of bad will. Through it all, though, Robinson kept his temper and helped lead the Dodgers to the 1947 pennant (TIME 104). They won the pennant in five of the next ten years in which Jackie Robinson played on the team. In the majors as in the minors he was Rookie of the Year in his first season.Two years later, he was named the National Leagues Most Valuable Player. During his ten years in the majors, Jackie stole 197 bases, more than any other player for a similar period. He was selected to play in six All-Star games. He led National League second baseman in fielding four times. He set a National League record for bubble plays by a second baseman in 1951 with 137. He set a National League fielding record for a second baseman the same year with an average of . 992. His overall batting average in organized baseball was . 11 (Opponents 70). In January 1 957, Jackie decided it was time for him to retire from athletics. Robinson spent his final years as a successful businessman and a conspicuous Republican turned Democrat He was the vice president and personnel director of the Chock Full O Nuts Company, a snack bar chain. He was also a tireless, outspoken champion of civil rights and rehabilitation orgasm for drug addicts. In later years, Robinson was slowed by a heart condition, arthritis, and a case of diabetes that left him blind in one eye. He was only 53 when he died (TIME 140). Its first black athlete and achieving hall of fame status. When the 1972 World Series opened only a few weeks before Jackasss death, he was presented with a plaque commemorating the 25th anniversary of his arrival in the big leagues. l am extremely proud and pleased, he said, but will be more pleased the day can look over at third base and see a black man as manager (TIME 104). By the end Of the century Robinsons dream had in a large part become reality.